Study of International Relation, Political Science.

  PAKISTAN-INDIA ECONOMIC RELATIONS. Trade is instrumental in achieving and maintaining peace and stability in relations between PK and India. The importance of trade in Pak-India peace process is essential. Economic interdependence promotes peace and mutual economic benefits preclude war between nations. Enhanced and Cordial Economic and commercial relations can play a soft and positive role in conflict resolution between the two adversaries. The normalized Pak India trade relations are of paramount importance for the Southa Asian. There are enormous economic and political benefits from unexploited trade between the two countries. Trade is certainly one of the most important pragmatic measures for fostering bilateral ties. Historical Background Since the inception of India and Pakistan as independent states, a long-term confrontation has been witnessed between two nations. For almost seven decades the region has witnessed four major armed conflicts (1948, 1965, 1971 and 1999...

  Methods, Ways, Modus Operandi and Techniques for Maintaining the Balance of Power in the global Politic.  In the present era of cooperation within confrontation, the balance of power is maintained through various strategies and mechanisms, reflecting the complexities of international relations. States enhance their military capabilities, economic strength, and technological advancements to counterbalance potential threats.  States form alliances, coalitions, or partnerships to aggregate power and counterbalance a threatening state or coalition. States uses economic, diplomatic, and institutional tools to constrain the behavior of a powerful state without direct military confrontation or soft balancing. States use military power and formal alliances to counter the power of a threatening state. A powerful state supports regional allies and partners to maintain the balance of power in different regions, rather than intervening directly is termed as offshore balancing. A ...

  Types of Balance of Power There are three types of balances. 1. Unipolar or Hegemonic Balance of Power. The Unipolar Balance of Power shows that in the global system, there is one dominant state or Power, which holds significant military, economic, and cultural sway and influence in the world. The dominant state or power frames rules and norms in accordance with its national interest, which weaker states may follow, but are unable to resist or counterbalance the influence effectively exerted by the dominant state. Peace and political stability in the world usually depend on the dominant power’s policies. The US’s post-Cold War (1991-2001) policies clearly vindicated its supremacy over others. US pursued influence in global affairs, the global economy, and global security. No other power could resist US policies in the world. Unipolar or Hegemonic balance of Power revealed that one power that is United States with its allies temporarily dominated the international system, w...

  Balance of Power in International Relations and Political Science. Before understanding the concept of BOP, it is essential to grasp the fundamental concept of power within a state and among states. Power means possession of strength, capable of controlling the minds and actions of other men. Political power means the mutual relations of control among the holders of public authority and the people at large. Power has been the epicenter of human relations from the inception of humanity. States through national power determine their foreign policy and endeavour to promote the interests enshrined in the objecties of foreign policy. Power is a combination of knowledge, military might, and valour.  National power of a state means the ability of one state to control the behaviour of another state in accordance with one's own will. According to Hans Morgenthau, “Political power is a psychological relation bet those who exercise it and those over whom it is exercised. It gives the...