Study of International Relation, Political Science.

  Hobbes's theory of sovereignty brings to completion the process of subordinating the Church to civil power or Sovereign. Ans. Hobbes was a materialist and rationalist to the core of his heart. His political philosophy indicated the absolute sovereignty of whatever government happened to be in power. He bade people render unto Caesar and unto God whatever Caesar commanded. His state absorbed the will of all its members in matters secular and spiritual and it was wrong to will or act against it. Hobbes's sovereign was presented as a Mortal God vested with innumerable unchallenged powers to rule over his subjects arbitrarily. He was the smasher of the regular channels of democracy, a way of life. Hobbes' sovereign suffocated all the social and cultural communication between the people bringing about a reign of oppression and harshness. Adolf Hitler, Mussolini and Dictators of third world appeared in the guise of Machiavellian Prince and Hobbes's sovereign having to...

Political Philosophy OF THOMAS HOBBES 1588—1679 According to Prof. Sabine "Hobbes was in fact the first of the great modern philosophers who attempted to bring political theory into intimate relation with a thorough modern system of thought, and human behaviour both its individual and social aspects.(G.H. Sabine: A History of Political Theory EARLY Life Hobbes was born during the extraordinary timorousness era which marked his whole future political life. Hobbes received his early education in Wiltshire, a place at Malmesbury, where he was born. At the age of fifteen years, he joined Oxford . He got the degree of graduation at the age of nineteen. He became tutor to the heir William Cavendish who later on became Earl of Devonshire. His contact with a royal family brought him into contact with most important personalities of the period which left indelible influences on his thinking. Hobbes left England , his spiritual home during the horrors of civil war and was forced to ...

  Foreign Policy, its Internal and External Determinants in the context of US – IRAN War. Foreign Policy of a state is concerned with the behavior and interaction of a state towards other states of world. It refers to the ways in which the governments of sovereign states interact with each other within the prevailing global system in order to achieve vital strategic, economic goals without damaging others interest. Through foreign policy state Endeavour’s to persuade others in accordance with one’s own ends. It is primarily in proportion to its national power that its persuasive power is effective in this regard. However, even a powerful state cannot afford to enjoy full authority in present interconnected global scenario. It has to take into account, not only its own objectives and interests, aspirations and problems, but also those of other states. State while formulating and implementing its foreign policy cannot and does not afford to ignore the rules of International law, in...

  Why Muslim-majority countries, despite having significant natural and human resources are lacking behind in global Politics? The situation is complicated and rooted in a combination of historical, political, economic, and social factors. Despite vast resources, many Muslim-majority countries have struggled to achieve lasting stability and prosperity due to a combination of poor governance, external interference, internal divisions, and reliance on foreign powers. This dependence on Western countries for military support, economic aid, political backing has often come at the cost of their sovereignty and independent development. 1. Historical Factors: Colonialism and the Legacy of Western Powers. Many Muslim-majority countries were once under colonial rule by European powers (British, French, Dutch,). This colonial experience left deep scars on these countries, as their political, economic, and social structures were heavily shaped by foreign powers with little regard for lo...

  Strategic, Socio-Economic, and Environmental Issues Facing Asian Countries. The political and economic situation in Asian countries are complicated and rooted in a combination of historical, political, economic, and social factors. Despite vast human and natural resources, many Asian countries are still struggling to achieve lasting stability and prosperity. They find it difficult to achieve lofty objectives due to a combination of poor governance, external interference, internal divisions, and heavy reliance on foreign powers. This dependence on Western countries for military support, economic aid, and political backing has often come at the cost of their sovereignty, independence and economic development. The Asian continent is diverse and expansive, encompassing regions such as South Asia, Southeast Asia, East Asia, North Asia, and Southwest Asia . It is geographically connected to Europe, Australasia, and Africa, and is surrounded by the Indian Ocean to the south, the Pac...

  UN Peace keeping operations in the World: A service to humanity. The enormous successful Peacekeeping Operation vindicate that United Nations has accomplished its lofty objectives of service to humanity. The United Nations has justified its existence as effective global agency intended to bring and keep peace among international communities. No power can sideline or overshadow the United Nation, howsoever powerful on the earth. It must be remembered that the United Nation is not an external abstraction to resolve all problems that confronts sovereign states in their mutual relationships and a desire of living together as an international community. Peacekeeping, as defined by the United Nations, is a way to help countries torn by conflict and creates conditions for sustainable peace. UN peacekeepers – soldiers and military officers, civilian police officers and civilian personnel from many countries – monitor and observe peace processes that emerge in post-conflict situations...