What is Ideology?

Ideology is a set of principles adopted by all states to fulfill the goals and interest of nation and society. Ideological commitments have been a source of affinity in the development of society, state & International Relations since time immemorial. Ideology is a prominent factor for consolidating the foundations of a society, state & boosting International Relations in the global system. History provides ample proof as to how the ideology of Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Capitalism, Communism, Socialism and Nationalism has consolidated the very foundations of society, states in the world. After the end of world war 11, Ideologies reshaped and affected the Interactions of States. Ideology is a motivating & stirring force for a nation, which is striving hard to bring stability and homogeneity to its nationhood. It provides the cement-binding base to the scattered groups in a society and brings them closer to each other on a common platform. Ideologies propel & push their disciples or adherents to pursue a joint line of action for the accomplishment of their ideals. Ideologies give shape to the revolutions and give birth to new cultures and civilizations. Ideology stresses their adherents to be adamant on the realization of their ideals through total transformation of society. Unqualified and firm individual and collective subservience is demanded of those who embrace it and an unquestioned accord with each other on the ideals is the most vital pre-requisite of an ideology. The ideological affiliation of society and states stimulates the sense of cohesion. States with different ideologies think economic and strategic repercussion before taking any act. Ideological basis makes a society and a state stronger. The ideology consolidates and prospers society and states. It also became the potent cause of down fall but depend on the power of opposing ideology. The ideology gives unity to nation and a sense of commonality to people. It also helps the government in finding support from the people. Ideology also serves as good weapon to raise the morale of the people. The ideology is closely linked with national power. Most of ideologies are concerned with achievement of power as immediate goals of foreign policy by explaining and justifying it in ethical, legal and political terms. Ideologies are used as a cover to hide the real nature of the objectives of a society or State. The ideology can be an effective instrument in forging unity among various states professing faith in similar ideologies and thus contribute to the enhancement of their strength and power. In the present era of international cooperation and confrontation, respect for human rights, protection of common national and global interest has reduced the significance of ideology. An ideology enlightens the mode of life and culture of states. Ideology helps in gaining peace and harmony in every state. Ideology teaches the basic principles for the individual and collective welfare of humanity. It consolidates individuals and groups in a society to common purpose and puts before them the ideal solution of their political, social and economic problems. Morgenthau believes that ideology is a mask to conceal the true nature of political actions. Prof Dr Qayum Mangi Principal College of Superior Services Sukkur Sindh.